I believe that opportunity is easier to find in some places compared to others. To illustrate from my personal experience:
I remember my dad being unemployed in the early 80s and on Thatcherās scrap heap. This went on for years. We lived in a council house on the Wirral and times were very hard indeed, with barely enough food, and all the problems that go with poverty were all around. I remember going to school with a hole in my shoe and putting cardboard in the bottom, which did nothing in winter. I remember the end of the year school trip to Alton Towers, and the teacher sitting me down and asking how much I could afford, as the school subsidized it. Poverty is crushing, and humiliating, even to good people who want to work and build a life. My dad would have done anything at the time to work and provide for the family, and he applied for anything he could find. There simply wasnāt the work at that time.
Compare to today, where I live in the States, if anyone wants a job anywhere around here right now, they can easily get one. Multiple jobs $15+ per hour, unskilled, in all manner of places. Granted, you arenāt getting rich if that is the peak of your ambition, but there is definitely a path to earn enough money to get by, albeit modestly.
I know that there are lots of places in America that are closer to what I described in the first paragraph, but the point Iām making is that opportunity is much easier to find in some places compared to others.
Thatās where government needs to step in, to invest, so that more people might have access to opportunity.
And yes, at that point, once government has done its job and helped to create better opportunities, I still maintain that part of the solution to poverty is then taking personal responsibility.
But to be clear, no amount of hard work and āliving rightā is going to change the wider circumstances, if the opportunities are not there, so there is very much a role for both government and the individual to play.